Description
Why It’s Done:
Doctors recommend this test to:
• Detect infections (e.g., bacterial, viral, or fungal) in a specific body cavity
• Evaluate inflammation due to autoimmune conditions, injury, or malignancy
• Differentiate causes of fluid accumulation, such as transudative vs. exudative effusions (e.g., in pleural or peritoneal fluid)
• Assist in diagnosing medical conditions like tuberculosis, peritonitis, pleuritis, arthritis, or meningitis (depending on fluid type)
Preparation:
• No fasting is usually required.
• Sample Collection: The fluid is collected by a healthcare provider using a sterile procedure:
o Pleural fluid: via thoracentesis
o Ascitic fluid: via paracentesis
o Synovial fluid: via arthrocentesis
o Cerebrospinal fluid: via lumbar puncture
• Before the procedure:
o You may be asked to change into a hospital gown.
o The area will be cleaned and numbed before inserting the needle.
• Inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, especially blood thinners.
• Consent may be required, as the procedure involves fluid aspiration.
