Description
Why It’s Done:
This test is primarily used to detect fetal birth defects, especially:
• Neural tube defects (NTDs) such as:
o Spina bifida
o Anencephaly
• Abdominal wall defects like omphalocele or gastroschisis
• Rare fetal conditions including certain kidney or urinary tract disorders
High levels of AFP in amniotic fluid may indicate:
• An open neural tube defect
• A fetal abdominal wall defect
• Fetal death
• Multiple gestation (e.g., twins)
This test is usually done if maternal serum AFP is elevated or if there is a family or personal history of birth defects.
Preparation:
• No specific preparation is needed for the patient.
• The test is done via amniocentesis, usually performed under ultrasound guidance:
o A thin needle is inserted into the uterus through the abdomen to collect amniotic fluid.
o The procedure is typically done in a medical setting by a specialist.
• Patients may be advised to avoid strenuous activity after the procedure.
• Inform your doctor about any medications, allergies, or bleeding disorders
